Oil & Gas Production

Separatore03

Oil production involves many complex processes as follow:

  •  Extraction of oil
  •  Dehydration
  •  Gas-oil separation
  •  Oil transport
  •  Enhanced recovery (water flooding, gas injection. Other process involving fluid or energy injection whether for secondary or tertiary oil recovery)

During crude oil production and transport operations, many of problems may occur depending on the characteristics of oil, reservoir, production methods, equipment, etc.…

The main problems are:

 

Emulsions:

 

During oil extraction, formation water is often produced simultaneously. An emulsion of crude oil and formation water can be formed through turbulent currents in the formation, casing perforation, pumps (pumping well), chokes (eruptive well) and through elbows in the flow line. An emulsion, a fine dispersion of one phase to the other, is formed if two of following condition exist,

  • An emulsifier and stabilizers are present.
  •  A certain mixing intensity.

An emulsifier influences the spontaneity of the emulsification, and the stability depends on the type and amount of stabilizer.

Chem offer tailors demulsifier for each case basing on emulsion type, stabilizers, operative parameters, plants and dehydration system. Chem International one of leader company that developed dual and multi-action products to overcome all types of problems.

One of specific tests is B. test  

 

 

It is an analytical procedure in which different chemicals are added to bottle samples of a crude oil emulsion to determine, which product is the most effective to break emulsion or separating it into water and oil at lowest dosage rate and high performances break emulsion.

 Bottle test:

 

A laboratory procedure that simulates a dehydration treatment plants, separators, heater treaters, desalters, etc. As possible as same production or plant condition. Determination of battery of additives at different dosage rate, temperature to select best chemical at lowest doses, max speeds action, retention time. Best product is which achieve good separation, water quality and lowest BS&W.